An anal fissure is a small tear or cut in the lining of the anus, which can result in pain and bleeding during bowel movements. Here is some information about anal fissures:

Causes:

1. Constipation: Straining during bowel movements due to hard stools is a common cause.
2. Diarrhea: Persistent diarrhea can irritate the anus and lead to fissures.
3. Childbirth: Women who have recently given birth may develop fissures due to the pressure during delivery.
4. Anal Trauma: Injury to the anal area, such as from anal intercourse, can contribute.
5. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis can increase the risk.